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P1004

Sigma-Aldrich

Polymyxin B sulfate salt

Synonym(s):

Polymixin, Polymixin B, Polymixin B sulfate

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About This Item

Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):
C55H96N16O13 · 2H2SO4
CAS Number:
1405-20-5
Molecular Weight:
1385.61
EC Number:
215-774-7
MDL number:
MFCD00131991
UNSPSC Code:
51101500
NACRES:
NA.76

biological source

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Quality Level

200

form

powder

storage condition

(Tightly closed. Dry. )

solubility

water: 50 mg/mL

antibiotic activity spectrum

Gram-negative bacteria
fungi

mode of action

cell membrane | interferes

storage temp.

2-8°C

SMILES string

O=C(C(NC(C(CCN)NC(CCCCC(C)CC)=O)=O)C(C)O)NC(CCN)C(NC(CCNC(C(NC(C(NC(C(CCN)N1)=O)CCN)=O)C(O)C)=O)C(NC(CCN)C(NC(CC2=CC=CC=C2)C(NC(CC(C)C)C1=O)=O)=O)=O)=O.O=S(O)(O)=O

InChI

1S/C48H82N16O13.H2O4S/c1-27(2)24-37-47(76)59-32(11-19-52)41(70)56-31(10-18-51)43(72)61-35(14-22-65)39(68)54-21-13-34(45(74)57-33(12-20-53)44(73)64-38(48(77)63-37)25-28-6-4-3-5-7-28)60-42(71)30(9-17-50)58-46(75)36(15-23-66)62-40(69)29(8-16-49)55-26-67;1-5(2,3)4/h3-7,26-27,29-38,65-66H,8-25,49-53H2,1-2H3,(H,54,68)(H,55,67)(H,56,70)(H,57,74)(H,58,75)(H,59,76)(H,60,71)(H,61,72)(H,62,69)(H,63,77)(H,64,73);(H2,1,2,3,4)

InChI key

HNDFYNOVSOOGDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N

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General description

Polymyxin B sulfate is a strongly cationic cyclic polypeptide antibiotic that is derived from fermentation of Bacilus polymyxa. It is a mixture of B1 and B2 sulfate.

Application

Polymyxin B sulfate is a strongly cationic cyclic polypeptide antibiotic that is derived from fermentation of Bacilus polymyxa. It is a mixture of B1 and B2 sulfate. The product has been used clinically to treat infections of the urinary tract, meninges and blood stream caused by susceptible strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa†. It also has uses studying multidrug-resistant pathogens††, as an immobilized agent for removal of endotoxins, and to induce pore formation in the membranes of cortex cells from excised sorghum roots.
Polymyxin B sulfate salt has been used:
  • in human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC) cell culture to exclude potential endotoxin contamination in recombinant adiponectin
  • in the analysis of the isolates
  • in endotoxin-neutralizing activity of α-amylase (AmyI-1)-18 (LAL assay)

Biochem/physiol Actions

Polymyxin B is one of the most important antibiotics used to treat gram-negative bacterial infections, including infections caused by carbapenem-resistant non-fermenters and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae.
Mode of Action: Polymyxin B Sulfate binds to the lipid A portion of bacterial lipopolysaccharides†, disrupting the cytoplasmic membrane by inducing pores large enough to permit nucleotide leakage in bacterial walls. This disrupts the permeability of the cytoplasmic membrane.

Antimicrobial spectrum: Has bactericidal action on most gram-negative bacilli††, including E. Coli and on most fungi and gram-positive bacteria.

Features and Benefits

High quality antibiotic suitable for mulitple research applications

Preparation Note

Polymyxin B sulfate is soluble in water at 50 mg/mL, producing a very slightly hazy, colorless to yellow solution. It has only minimal solubility in any organic solvent. For example, it has a solubility of 0.115 mg/mL in ethanol.

Stock solutions should be sterile filtered and stored at 2-8°C. They are stable at 37°C for 5 days.

Storage and Stability

As supplied, the product should be stored at 2-8°C in the dark. No change was observed in retained samples after three years′ of storage in these conditions.

Other Notes

For additional information on our range of Biochemicals, please complete this form.
Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Keep in a dry place.

pictograms

Exclamation mark
GHS07

signalword

Warning

hcodes

H302

Hazard Classifications

Acute Tox. 4 Oral

wgk_germany

WGK 3

flash_point_f

Not applicable

flash_point_c

Not applicable

ppe

dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves

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Globular adiponectin counteracts VCAM-1-mediated monocyte adhesion via AdipoR1/NF-kappaB/COX-2 signaling in human aortic endothelial cells
Addabbo F, et al.
American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism, 301(6), E1143-E1143 (2011)
Biochemical and toxic diversity of Bacillus cereus in a pasta and meat dish associated with a food-poisoning case
Pirhonen T I, et al.
Food Microbiology, 22(1), 87-91 (2005)
Dosing and pharmacokinetics of polymyxin B in patients with renal insufficiency
Thamlikitkul V, et al.
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, e01337-e01316 (2017)
Xucheng Huang et al.
International journal of medical microbiology : IJMM, 308(7), 819-828 (2018-07-24)
Ureaplasma spp. are known to be associated with human genitourinary tract diseases and perinatal diseases and Ureaplasma spp. Lipid-associated membrane proteins (LAMPs) play important roles in their related diseases. However, the exact mechanism underlying pathogenesis of Ureaplasma spp. LAMPs is
Alexandre Prehn Zavascki et al.
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 60(6), 1206-1215 (2007-09-20)
Polymyxins have re-emerged in clinical practice owing to the dry antibiotic development pipeline and worldwide increasing prevalence of nosocomial infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria. Polymyxin B and colistin (polymyxin E) have been ultimately considered as the last-resort treatment
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